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Salix fragilis
''Salix fragilis'', with the common names crack willow and brittle willow, is a species of willow native to Europe and Western Asia. It is native to riparian habitats, usually found growing beside rivers and streams, and in marshes and water meadow channels.〔Meikle, R. D. (1984). ''Willows and Poplars of Great Britain and Ireland''. BSBI Handbook No. 4. ISBN 0-901158-07-0.〕〔Rushforth, K. (1999). ''Trees of Britain and Europe''. Collins ISBN 0-00-220013-9.〕〔(USFS—United States Forest Service: ''Salix fragilis'' — "Weed of the Week" ) . accessed 1.13.2013〕
==Description==
''Salix fragilis'' is a medium-sized to large deciduous tree, which grows rapidly to (rarely to ) tall, with a trunk up to diameter, often multi-trunked, and an irregular, often leaning crown. The bark is dark grey-brown, coarsely fissured in older trees. The lanceolate leaves are bright green, 9–15 cm long and 1.5–3 cm wide, with a finely serrated margin; they are very finely hairy at first in spring, but soon become hairless.〔
The flowers are produced in catkins in early spring, and pollinated by insects. They are dioecious, with male and female catkins on separate trees; the male catkins are 4–6 cm long, the female catkins are also 4–6 cm long, with the individual flowers having either one or two nectaries.〔〔〔Bean, W. J. (1980). ''Trees and Shrubs Hardy in the British Isles'' 8th ed., vol. 4. John Murray ISBN 0-7195-2428-8.〕 In late spring fruit capsules release numerous small cotton-tufted seeds. They are easily distributed by wind and moving water, and germinate immediately after soil contact.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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